338 lines
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338 lines
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<h1 class="title">Default Prototypes Example</h1>
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<!-- $$$script/defaultprototypes-description -->
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<div class="descr"> <a name="details"></a>
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<p>Files:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="script-defaultprototypes-code-js.html">script/defaultprototypes/code.js</a></li>
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<li><a href="script-defaultprototypes-prototypes-cpp.html">script/defaultprototypes/prototypes.cpp</a></li>
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<li><a href="script-defaultprototypes-prototypes-h.html">script/defaultprototypes/prototypes.h</a></li>
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<li><a href="script-defaultprototypes-main-cpp.html">script/defaultprototypes/main.cpp</a></li>
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<li><a href="script-defaultprototypes-defaultprototypes-pro.html">script/defaultprototypes/defaultprototypes.pro</a></li>
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<li><a href="script-defaultprototypes-defaultprototypes-qrc.html">script/defaultprototypes/defaultprototypes.qrc</a></li>
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</ul>
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<p>The Default Prototypes <a href="qtscript.html">QtScript</a> example shows how to use default prototypes to make a non-<a href="qobject.html">QObject</a>-based type scriptable.<p class="centerAlign"><img src="images/defaultprototypes-example.png" alt="" /></p><p>With <a href="qscriptengine.html#setDefaultPrototype">QScriptEngine::setDefaultPrototype</a>() you can specify a <a href="qtscript.html">QtScript</a> object that defines a scripting interface for a C++ type; Qt Script operations on values of such types will then be delegated to your prototype object. In this example, a simple scripting interface for <a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a> is defined, so that the text of items can easily be accessed from script code.</p>
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<p>To define a scripting API for <a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a> in terms of Qt properties and slots, we subclass <a href="qobject.html">QObject</a> and <a href="qscriptable.html">QScriptable</a>.</p>
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<pre class="cpp"> <span class="keyword">class</span> ListWidgetItemPrototype : <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="type"><a href="qobject.html">QObject</a></span><span class="operator">,</span> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="type"><a href="qscriptable.html">QScriptable</a></span>
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{
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Q_OBJECT
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Q_PROPERTY(<span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> text READ text WRITE setText)
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<span class="keyword">public</span>:
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ListWidgetItemPrototype(<span class="type"><a href="qobject.html">QObject</a></span> <span class="operator">*</span>parent <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="number">0</span>);
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<span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> text() <span class="keyword">const</span>;
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<span class="type">void</span> setText(<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> <span class="operator">&</span>text);
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<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">slots</span>:
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<span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> toString() <span class="keyword">const</span>;
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};</pre>
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<p>A single property, <tt>text</tt>, is defined, along with a slot, <tt>toString</tt>.</p>
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<pre class="cpp"> ListWidgetItemPrototype<span class="operator">::</span>ListWidgetItemPrototype(<span class="type"><a href="qobject.html">QObject</a></span> <span class="operator">*</span>parent)
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: <span class="type"><a href="qobject.html">QObject</a></span>(parent)
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{
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}
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<span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> ListWidgetItemPrototype<span class="operator">::</span>text() <span class="keyword">const</span>
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{
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<span class="type"><a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a></span> <span class="operator">*</span>item <span class="operator">=</span> qscriptvalue_cast<span class="operator"><</span><span class="type"><a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a></span><span class="operator">*</span><span class="operator">></span>(thisObject());
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<span class="keyword">if</span> (item)
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<span class="keyword">return</span> item<span class="operator">-</span><span class="operator">></span>text();
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<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span>();
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}
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<span class="type">void</span> ListWidgetItemPrototype<span class="operator">::</span>setText(<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> <span class="operator">&</span>text)
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{
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<span class="type"><a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a></span> <span class="operator">*</span>item <span class="operator">=</span> qscriptvalue_cast<span class="operator"><</span><span class="type"><a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a></span><span class="operator">*</span><span class="operator">></span>(thisObject());
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<span class="keyword">if</span> (item)
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item<span class="operator">-</span><span class="operator">></span>setText(text);
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}
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<span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> ListWidgetItemPrototype<span class="operator">::</span>toString() <span class="keyword">const</span>
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{
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<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span>(<span class="string">"ListWidgetItem(text = %0)"</span>)<span class="operator">.</span>arg(text());
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}</pre>
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<p>The implementation of the property accessors use the <a href="qscriptvalue.html#qscriptvalue_cast">qscriptvalue_cast</a>() function to cast the script object to a <a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a> pointer. The normal C++ <a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a> API is then used to implement the desired functionality.</p>
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<p>Although not shown here, it is possible to throw a script exception from a prototype function; for example, you could throw a TypeError exception if the <a href="qscriptvalue.html#qscriptvalue_cast">qscriptvalue_cast</a>() fails.</p>
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<p>QListWidgetItems are usually added to a <a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a>. While <a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a> is a <a href="qobject.html">QObject</a>-based class, not all the functionality needed for this example are present. We can solve this by creating a default prototype for the <a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a> class as well. The prototype will augment the functionality already provided by the Qt Script <a href="qobject.html">QObject</a> integration; i.e. if a property or slot is not found in the <a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a> object itself, the prototype will be used as a fallback.</p>
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<pre class="cpp"> <span class="keyword">class</span> ListWidgetPrototype : <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="type"><a href="qobject.html">QObject</a></span><span class="operator">,</span> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="type"><a href="qscriptable.html">QScriptable</a></span>
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{
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Q_OBJECT
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<span class="keyword">public</span>:
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ListWidgetPrototype(<span class="type"><a href="qobject.html">QObject</a></span> <span class="operator">*</span>parent <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="number">0</span>);
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<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">slots</span>:
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<span class="type">void</span> addItem(<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> <span class="operator">&</span>text);
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<span class="type">void</span> addItems(<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="type"><a href="qstringlist.html">QStringList</a></span> <span class="operator">&</span>texts);
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<span class="type">void</span> setBackgroundColor(<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> <span class="operator">&</span>colorName);
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};</pre>
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<p>The additional slots will make it possible to add items to a <a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a> from script code, and to set the background color of the widget from a string.</p>
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<pre class="cpp"> ListWidgetPrototype<span class="operator">::</span>ListWidgetPrototype(<span class="type"><a href="qobject.html">QObject</a></span> <span class="operator">*</span>parent)
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: <span class="type"><a href="qobject.html">QObject</a></span>(parent)
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{
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}
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<span class="type">void</span> ListWidgetPrototype<span class="operator">::</span>addItem(<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> <span class="operator">&</span>text)
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{
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<span class="type"><a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a></span> <span class="operator">*</span>widget <span class="operator">=</span> qscriptvalue_cast<span class="operator"><</span><span class="type"><a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a></span><span class="operator">*</span><span class="operator">></span>(thisObject());
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<span class="keyword">if</span> (widget)
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widget<span class="operator">-</span><span class="operator">></span>addItem(text);
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}
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<span class="type">void</span> ListWidgetPrototype<span class="operator">::</span>addItems(<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="type"><a href="qstringlist.html">QStringList</a></span> <span class="operator">&</span>texts)
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{
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<span class="type"><a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a></span> <span class="operator">*</span>widget <span class="operator">=</span> qscriptvalue_cast<span class="operator"><</span><span class="type"><a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a></span><span class="operator">*</span><span class="operator">></span>(thisObject());
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<span class="keyword">if</span> (widget)
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widget<span class="operator">-</span><span class="operator">></span>addItems(texts);
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}
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<span class="type">void</span> ListWidgetPrototype<span class="operator">::</span>setBackgroundColor(<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> <span class="operator">&</span>colorName)
|
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{
|
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<span class="type"><a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a></span> <span class="operator">*</span>widget <span class="operator">=</span> qscriptvalue_cast<span class="operator"><</span><span class="type"><a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a></span><span class="operator">*</span><span class="operator">></span>(thisObject());
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<span class="keyword">if</span> (widget) {
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<span class="preprocessor">#ifdef Q_WS_MAEMO_5</span>
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<span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> style <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span>(<span class="string">"QListWidget::item {background-color: %1;}"</span>)<span class="operator">.</span>arg(colorName);
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style <span class="operator">+</span><span class="operator">=</span> <span class="string">"QListWidget::item {selection-color: black;}"</span>;
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widget<span class="operator">-</span><span class="operator">></span>setStyleSheet(style);
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<span class="preprocessor">#else</span>
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<span class="type"><a href="qpalette.html">QPalette</a></span> palette <span class="operator">=</span> widget<span class="operator">-</span><span class="operator">></span>palette();
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<span class="type"><a href="qcolor.html">QColor</a></span> color(colorName);
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palette<span class="operator">.</span>setBrush(<span class="type"><a href="qpalette.html">QPalette</a></span><span class="operator">::</span>Base<span class="operator">,</span> color);
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widget<span class="operator">-</span><span class="operator">></span>setPalette(palette);
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<span class="preprocessor">#endif</span>
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}
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}</pre>
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<p>Again, we use <a href="qscriptvalue.html#qscriptvalue_cast">qscriptvalue_cast</a>() to cast the script object to the relevant C++ type, in this case a <a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a> pointer. The addItem() and addItems() functions simply forward their arguments to the corresponding functions in the <a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a> class. setBackgroundColor() gets the widget's palette, creates a <a href="qcolor.html">QColor</a> from the given string argument and changes the palette accordingly.</p>
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<pre class="cpp"> <a href="qmetatype.html#Q_DECLARE_METATYPE">Q_DECLARE_METATYPE</a>(<span class="type"><a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a></span><span class="operator">*</span>)
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<a href="qmetatype.html#Q_DECLARE_METATYPE">Q_DECLARE_METATYPE</a>(<span class="type"><a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a></span><span class="operator">*</span>)</pre>
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<p>The relevant C++ types must be made known to Qt's meta type system.</p>
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<pre class="cpp"> <span class="type"><a href="qscriptengine.html">QScriptEngine</a></span> engine;
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ListWidgetItemPrototype lwiProto;
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engine<span class="operator">.</span>setDefaultPrototype(<a href="qmetatype.html#qMetaTypeId">qMetaTypeId</a><span class="operator"><</span><span class="type"><a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a></span><span class="operator">*</span><span class="operator">></span>()<span class="operator">,</span>
|
|
engine<span class="operator">.</span>newQObject(<span class="operator">&</span>lwiProto));
|
|
|
|
ListWidgetPrototype lwProto;
|
|
engine<span class="operator">.</span>setDefaultPrototype(<a href="qmetatype.html#qMetaTypeId">qMetaTypeId</a><span class="operator"><</span><span class="type"><a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a></span><span class="operator">*</span><span class="operator">></span>()<span class="operator">,</span>
|
|
engine<span class="operator">.</span>newQObject(<span class="operator">&</span>lwProto));</pre>
|
|
<p>For each type that we want to associate a prototype object with, we create an instance of the prototype class, pass it to <a href="qscriptengine.html#newQObject">QScriptEngine::newQObject</a>(), and then create the link between the C++ type and the resulting script object by calling <a href="qscriptengine.html#setDefaultPrototype">QScriptEngine::setDefaultPrototype</a>().</p>
|
|
<pre class="cpp"> <span class="type"><a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a></span> listWidget;
|
|
engine<span class="operator">.</span>globalObject()<span class="operator">.</span>setProperty(<span class="string">"listWidget"</span><span class="operator">,</span>
|
|
engine<span class="operator">.</span>newQObject(<span class="operator">&</span>listWidget));</pre>
|
|
<p>In this example, a single <a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a> object is added as a global script variable, called <tt>listWidget</tt>. Script code can add items to this widget by calling addItem() or addItems().</p>
|
|
<pre class="js"> <span class="name">listWidget</span>.<span class="name">addItem</span>(<span class="string">"Red"</span>);
|
|
<span class="name">listWidget</span>.<span class="name">addItem</span>(<span class="string">"Blue"</span>);
|
|
<span class="name">listWidget</span>.<span class="name">addItem</span>(<span class="string">"Green"</span>);
|
|
<span class="name">listWidget</span>.<span class="name">addItem</span>(<span class="string">"Cyan"</span>);
|
|
<span class="name">listWidget</span>.<span class="name">addItem</span>(<span class="string">"Yellow"</span>);
|
|
<span class="name">listWidget</span>.<span class="name">addItem</span>(<span class="string">"Purple"</span>);
|
|
<span class="name">listWidget</span>.<span class="name">addItems</span>([<span class="string">"Orange"</span>, <span class="string">"Gray"</span>]);</pre>
|
|
<p>Script code can connect to signals of the <a href="qlistwidget.html">QListWidget</a> object; signal handlers can use the interface defined in the <a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a> prototype to manipulate item arguments.</p>
|
|
<pre class="js"> <span class="name">listWidget</span>.<span class="name">currentItemChanged</span>.<span class="name">connect</span>(
|
|
<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="name">item</span>)
|
|
{
|
|
<span class="name">listWidget</span>.<span class="name">setBackgroundColor</span>(<span class="name">item</span>.<span class="name">text</span>);
|
|
}
|
|
);</pre>
|
|
<p>Not shown in this example is how to make <a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a> constructible from Qt Script code, i.e. to be able to write "new QListWidgetItem()" in a script. In order to do this, you have to define your own script constructor for the type. The constructor would just be a factory function that constructs a new C++ <a href="qlistwidgetitem.html">QListWidgetItem</a> and returns it back to the script. See <a href="qscriptengine.html#newFunction">QScriptEngine::newFunction</a>() for more information.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!-- @@@script/defaultprototypes -->
|
|
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|
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|
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<p>
|
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<acronym title="Copyright">©</acronym> 2015 The Qt Company Ltd.
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Documentation contributions included herein are the copyrights of
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their respective owners.</p>
|
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<br />
|
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<p>
|
|
The documentation provided herein is licensed under the terms of the
|
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<a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation
|
|
License version 1.3</a> as published by the Free Software Foundation.</p>
|
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<p>
|
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Documentation sources may be obtained from <a href="http://www.qt-project.org">
|
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www.qt-project.org</a>.</p>
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<br />
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<p>
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Qt and respective logos are trademarks of The Qt Company Ltd
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in Finland and/or other countries worldwide. All other trademarks are property
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of their respective owners. <a title="Privacy Policy"
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href="http://en.gitorious.org/privacy_policy/">Privacy Policy</a></p>
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